Owner Comments:
Lyman Allen #15.01b (KM #183) - OBVERSE OF 1907-1921 - Mintage: 19,187,000 (Variety Mintage Unknown)
The Manila Mint sustained heavy damage on December 7, 1941 from Japanese aerial bombardment and additional damage in 1945 during the Battle of Manila which liberated the city. During the Japanese occupation, much of the coinage was seized and melted. In preparation for the liberation of the islands, the Treasury department ordered the Mint to strike all denominations from the one centavo through 50 centavos. While all three active US mints were utilized for the task, the 50 centavo coins were only struck in San Francisco. The 1944S and 1945S 50 Centavo coins are the only Commonwealth reverse 50 Centavos produced with the exception of 20,000 commemorative 50 Centavos produced by the Manila mint in 1936 .
A common side effect of high mintage is often a significant number of identifiable varieties and the 1944S 50 Centavos is no exception. There are only two documented ALLEN varieties for this date which are detailed below. There are however quite a few more that are undocumented.
Varieties
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ALLEN-15.01 - Normal date and mint mark.
ALLEN-15.01a - S/S doubled mint mark.
ALLEN-15.01b - Type-I obverse (style of 1907-1921)
A few years ago, I acquired several 1944S US/Philippines 50 Centavo pieces that have a slightly different obverse (figure side) than normal. I wish I could claim to have discovered this difference myself, but they were actually listed on eBay by a dealer in the Philippines as having the "Reverse of 1921" (actually the figure side). This obverse is most easily identified by the shape and lines of the Mt. Mayon volcano. The earlier volcano has very prominent lines spreading down the slope from the summit to the base and is flat or slightly concave. The later volcano lacks definition, has no lines, and is a bit convex in shape. The latter is the most common variety. The early style obverse appears only on coins dated 1944 and has never been seen on those dated 1945.
This coin is a two year type since 1944 is the first year that the common (i.e. non-commemorative) obverse was paired with the Commonwealth reverse. As is common with many first year issue coins, there were issues that caused the designs on both sides of the coin to be poorly struck. I suspect that during the first week or so of production at the San Francisco mint, these problems became apparent and a request was made to the engravers in Philadelphia to modify the design so that it would be more fully struck.
As of September 30, 2015, NGC now officially recognizes this variety as part of the VarietyPlus program. The high resolution images appearing on the
VarietyPlus describe the variety.
In addition to actual die varieties, there are an amazing number of varieties stemming from damaged dies. The dies used to produce these coins were utilized long past their normal service life. Signs of die erosion and broken dies are quite common. Die breaks occur in and above the letters in the word FILIPINAS, and above the 9 in the date. The letter "S" in FILIPINAS can be filled in the upper or lower portion, and it is not uncommon to see both filled in.
This Coin
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This coin is the "OBVERSE OF 1907-1921" variety with none of the common die breaks found in the word FILIPINAS, and no bar over the 9 in the date. It is reasonably well struck for this variety and reasonably well preserved. There is some minor discoloration at the top of the obverse, but the fields are reasonably clean with only minor contact marks on the devices. Although this variety has been recognized by collectors for quite some time, it will finally be included in the next Allen Guide.
Date acquired: 7/28/2017 (raw coin)
Date graded: 6/4/2024 (self submitted to NGC)
References:
- Shafer, N. "United States Territorial Coinage for the Philippine Islands." Racine, Wisconsin: Whitman Publishing Company, 1961.
Rev. 6/18/2024